https://www.mdpi.com/2813-9844/7/4/91
Abstract
The present study aimed to examine the role of character virtues in the quality of romantic relationships and friendships during emerging adulthood.
1.
Aim：旨在
The present：本
examine：探究
The present study aimed to examine the…
本篇学习旨在探究。。。
2.
role：作用
quality：品质，品德
role of character virtues in the quality
角色品德方面的美德的作用
3.
emerging adulthood 早期成年
The sample included 505 individuals, comprising 269 single and 236 partnered emerging adults.
1.
comprising 包括
partnered 合作的，搭档的，指有对象的
Participants completed three self-report instruments: the Values in Action-114GR (VIA-114GR), Sternberg’s Triangular Love Scale (STLS), and the Friendship Network Satisfaction scale (FNS). Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) applying ipsatization identified three distinct virtue profiles, which were not significantly associated with participants’ relationship status.
1.
Participants：参与者
instruments：工具，指量表
2.
identify：辨别
distinct：不同的
- different的语气是中立的，而distinct的语气是强调你差别明显，界限分明的
profile：特征
- different virtue profiles 不同的美德特征
- distinct virtue profiles 有明显差异的美德特征
综上所述，distinct更改翻译为“有明显差异的”
3.
associate：联系
status：地位
which在文中指什么？
- 我认为是virtue profiles
Concerning friendships, analyses of variance revealed that emerging adults characterized by a balanced virtue profile reported significantly greater perceived closeness than those classified within profiles defined by lower levels of restraint and transcendence virtues.
1.
Concerning：关于
- 这里可以用about吗？
- 如果不是论文语境，可以将concerning视为放在句首的about。
2.
analyses of variance：方差分析
revealed：表明，论文语境常用语
However, no significant differences were observed in the frequency of socializing.
1.
socializing：社交活动
observed：观察到的，观测到的
in the frequency of socializing：社交活动的频率
2.
注意到，这里是用的是different而不是前文的distinct。因为此处强调的是差异不大，但是有所不同。
Regarding romantic relationships, it was found that different virtue profiles support different love dynamics.
1.
dynamic：动力学，动力，活力
- dynamic不只是指在物理学层面的动力、活力，还包含心理学层面。特指关系不是固定、静止的，而是随着时间情绪等方面不断变化的。所以还有模式的意思。
- love dynamic：情感模式
2.
Regarding…, it was found that
关于……，经调查发现……。
Specifically, the result differing in endorsing the knowledge virtue were overrepresented in love profiles characterized by low passion or low commitment.
1.
were overrepresented in：在。。。中比例较高
- 经典的学术用语
2.
the result differing in：结果不同
These findings offer significant theoretical contributions and practical implications for strengths-based interventions designed to enhance emerging adults’ social and emotional well-being.
1.
findings 研究结果
offer 具有，原意为给予、提供
These findings offer significant 这个研究结果具有重要意义
2.
significant 重要的
theoretical / practical – 理论的/实践的
contributions / implications – 贡献/意义
significant theoretical contributions and practical implications
3.
for此处指针对
1. Introduction
Emerging adulthood, covering ages 18–29, is widely recognized as a critical period for developing relationships (Arnett, 2015; Camirand & Poulin, 2022).
for在这里代指“用于”
Spanning the late teens through the twenties, this developmental stage is often associated with forming deeper emotional bonds and greater complexity in relationship dynamics (Barry et al., 2017; Waworuntu et al., 2022).
Span：跨越
Higher education demands, job market instability, and financial pressures have significantly reshaped how young people perceive and engage in friendships and romantic relationships (Waters et al., 2018).
Although the significance of close relationships for well-being and developmental outcomes is well-established (e.g., Kaufman et al., 2022), research remains limited on how personal characteristics such as character virtues contribute to relationship quality during this critical life stage.
At the same time, personality traits are well-established as influential in social relationships (Beeney et al., 2019; Kashdan et al., 2018).
Among these, character strengths and virtues, defined as stable, morally valued traits that promote human flourishing (Peterson & Seligman, 2004), have been linked to positive interpersonal outcomes, including greater satisfaction, trust, and emotional intimacy in relationships (Boiman-Meshita & Littman-Ovadia, 2022; de Matos Fernandes et al., 2025; Wagner et al., 2021).
Despite these promising findings, much of the existing research examines romantic relationships and friendships separately, often employing variable-centered approaches that may fail to capture the nuanced ways in which individuals combine multiple strengths and virtues simultaneously.
In addition, empirical work on virtues in relationship quality or non-marital adult relationships remains limited, as do comparative studies across single and partnered individuals.
To address these gaps, the present study aimed to examine how distinct profiles of character virtues relate to relationship quality during emerging adulthood.
Specifically, a person-centered approach was adopted using Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) to identify meaningful configurations of virtues and assess their associations with both friendship quality and components of romantic love.
In addition, single and partnered individuals were compared to explore whether virtue profiles differ according to relationship status.
一息不存，道将来契 